Adult gliomas are most often infiltrative. The World Health Organization WHO has classed them into three major groups according to the presomptive cell of origin: astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma and mixed oligoastrocytoma. Moreover two additional genetic alterations are recorded in grade II and III gliomas: TP53 mutations that characterize astrocytomas and 1p19q codeletion as the result of t 1;19 q10;p10 translocation recorded in oligodendrogliomas.
Mixed gliomas, the most non-reproducible category, share with astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas the same genetic alterations. Interestingly, p53 expression and internexin alpha INA expression can replace to some extent TP53 mutation and 1p19 codeletion, respectively.
Taken together these three immunohistochemical markers are contribute greatly to the classification of gliomas and should be tested routinely as diagnostic markers. Les mutations de TP53 et la codélétion 1p19q sont mutuellement exclusives.
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